Executive Summary (Full Report available here) Watch video here Foreign investment is traditionally perceived as a positive input in a country’s economy, as it increases the amount of capital available to finance productive activities. Moreover, foreign capital often comes with technology spillovers, human capital formation, and international trade integration, increasing the productivity of industries in recipient countries. However, capital inflows into a country are not wi

A Study on Existing Practice, Legal Character and Strategies for Implementation Clinic: National University of Singapore, Spring 2020 Executive Summary (Full report can be read here) Watch video here A joint interpretation is an agreement between State parties to an international investment agreement (“IIA”) on a common interpretation of a provision in the IIA. Joint interpretations can be seen as a way for States to retain control over the interpretation of IIAs, as and when

Executive Summary (Summary of a project undertaken for the Ministry of Finance, Government of Israel) (Full report can be read here)** The fair and equitable treatment (FET) standard has become a major basis of investment treaty arbitration claims, with almost half of all recorded Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) claims based on the failure to meet FET obligations. The ambiguity surrounding the meaning of the FET standard and its components has left it prone to wide i