As the world economy becomes more integrated, more complex Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) have emerged. A FTA is an arrangement in which states agree to give each other mutual preferential treatment, with regard to the trade of goods and services originating in their territories, by reducing tariff barriers and other trade restrictions. Most contemporary FTAs include goods and/or services, and often cover questions regarding investment, government procurement and competition. D

This guide explains what amicus curiae participation is in the context of international investment arbitration. In addition, it outlines who can participate, what such participation entails, why participation may be beneficial, and lastly, the different procedural rules governing participation in different fora. What is amicus curiae participation? As “friends of the court,” amici curiae participate in arbitration proceedings as third parties to the dispute. However, this sta

Though deployed successfully in restoring markets after the 2008 Financial Crisis, recent unconventional monetary measures have generated spillovers. The prospect of their retraction (i.e receding liquidity) engenders further adverse spillovers. It is in containing such spillovers that capital flow measures (CFMs) may prove to be vital. This guide addresses the issue of incongruent regimes applicable to capital flow measures, with a focus on the International Monetary Fund’s